Seeking Justice for “Comfort” Women：Without an International Criminal Court, Suits Brought by World War II Sex Slaves of the Japanese Army May Find Their Best Hope of Success in US Federal Courts
North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation, Vol27
I. Introduction
II. Background
A. Implementation of the Ianfu System
B. Why No Suits Were Filed Until the 1990s
C. Official Japanese Responses
D. Responses from International Organizations
III. Analysis
A. Results to Date in Japanese Courts
B. Reactions to Date in International Forums
1. U.N. Finds That Japan’s Military Sex Slave Activities Violated International Law
2.Impact of the ICTY’s and ICTR’s Recent Holdings on Wartime Rape as a Violation of International Law
3. Effect of Installation of the ICC
C. Results to Date in U .S. Courts
IV. Conclusion
II. Background
A. Implementation of the Ianfu System
B. Why No Suits Were Filed Until the 1990s
C. Official Japanese Responses
D. Responses from International Organizations
III. Analysis
A. Results to Date in Japanese Courts
B. Reactions to Date in International Forums
1. U.N. Finds That Japan’s Military Sex Slave Activities Violated International Law
2.Impact of the ICTY’s and ICTR’s Recent Holdings on Wartime Rape as a Violation of International Law
3. Effect of Installation of the ICC
C. Results to Date in U .S. Courts
IV. Conclusion
